Women's Health Initiative (WHI): Risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)

Citations

1. Rossouw JE, et al. (2002). Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(3): 321–333.

2. Manson JE, et al. (2003). Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 349(6): 523–534.

3. Wassertheir-Smoller S (2003). Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women. The Women's Health Initiative: A randomized trial. JAMA, 289(20): 2673–2684.

4. Grodstein F, et al. (2006). Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease: The role of time since menopause and age at hormone initiation. Journal of Women's Health, 15(1): 35–44.

5. Prentice RL, et al. (2006). Combined analysis of Women's Health Initiative observational and clinical trial data on postmenopausal hormone treatment and cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(7): 589–599.

6. Rossouw JE, et al. (2007). Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause. JAMA, 297(13): 1465–1477.

7. Shumaker SA, et al. (2003). Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women. The Women's Health Initiative memory study: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 289(20): 2651–2662.

8. Beral V, et al. (2007). Ovarian cancer and hormone replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet, 369(9574): 1703–1710.

9. Chlebowski T, et al. (2003). Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA, 289(24): 3243–3253.

10. Women's Health Initiative Steering Committee (2004). Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy. JAMA, 291(14): 1701–1712.

11. Million Women Study Collaborators (2003). Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet, 362(9382): 419–427.

Author:	Robin Parks, MS	Last Updated: May 16, 2008
Medical Review:	Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology
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